Genuinely curious, how would you handle cases where a value is unset without NULL? This is a legitimate case that happens a lot in eg data modeling
Sum types, of course.
They already said:
> use the type system to help us use special values safely
... but this is not the place to explain what a type system is or what sum types/maybe/optional/etc. are.
The way we do it in modern languages with things like std::optional and even that is not the best example.