The key service performed by a cycling helmet is not turning a death situation into a permanently maimed situation (they do that, but that's a very rare occurrence), it's turning a life changing injury situation into a situation of some fractured bones that will be almost forgotten two months later. The life and death part is overrated.
I guess one reason people are so focused on that is because it's easy to quantify.
X-Rays of Rob Pike's Shoulder http://herpolhode.com/rob/xray.html