Implementing #2 would be as simple as declaring that hardware vendors that issue attestation roots may not pre-install operating systems on them, nor make exclusivity or unfair pricing agreements that advantage or disadvantage other businesses unevenly; and, must provide a way for consumers to replace at will the operating system preinstalled by those third parties with one of their own choosing. If the EU has technical competence then they’ll work their way around to this realization and absolutely shatter the Apple/Google monopolies in a single edict, since those EU-sold devices will then be repurposeable worldwide (with valid attestation chains to the replacement OSes, if they choose to implement them). One can dream.