Oh, absolutely. Especially for the top universities. That made olympiads even more important because they allowed students to bypass the exams.
And in the USSR, if you failed to get into the university, you were drafted into the army for 2 years.
Same in Poland. My civics teacher in high school was a historian.
He hated that, he wanted to be a lawyer. But he didn't get admitted to studies, so he had to pick something close in order not to be drafted, and so he stuck with it.
They would still nail you after university. For 1.5 years instead of 2.