Also, by definition, if dollars left the country then stuff came in. We literally traded bit flips in a database for tangible stuff.
...and then whoever sold us the goods turns around and uses those dollars to bid up US assets. Next time you are bidding for a house, take some time to appreciate just how expensive those bit flips have made things.
It did make it easy to raise capital, though, which is nice.
Bit flips in a database = years of people’s labor and planning