For those that are unfamiliar, Tim Roughgarden is a phenomenal instructor, and has made significant contributions to the field of algorithmic game theory, which has strong connections to a lot of the work he appears to be doing here. I highly recommend his excellent introductory lectures on the subject, especially if you're interested in pursuing his ideas here more rigorously: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TM_QFmQU_VA&list=PLEGCF-WLh2...

His website also hosts a bunch more work as well as various lecture notes and exercises: https://timroughgarden.org/

Tim's lectures helped me a lot during my PhD when I was getting up to speed on this subject, and some of the more nuanced ways that computer scientists have worked with these broad algorithmic problems.