In a separate article the other factors are quoted with similar impact (listed in order of max potential magnitude) - anti depression treatment - education increases - hearing improvement - obesity reduction - low alcohol
The earlier you start the better.
> hearing improvement
This means addressing hearing loss, e.g. via hearing aids.
>anti depression treatment - regular exercise - obesity reduction - education - less/no alcohol
Injecting people with a shingles vaccine is far easier than the others you listed, which is why it stands out.
Can you share the article you reference?