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willis936last Monday at 5:26 PM2 repliesview on HN

That's a much weaker statement than "the primary source of uncorrelated bit flips is cosmic radiation".


Replies

exmadscientistlast Monday at 7:32 PM

The word "uncorrelated" is doing a lot of heavy lifting in that claim. Most DRAM error sources are pretty clearly correlated, if you're paying any attention.

adrian_blast Monday at 6:34 PM

Cosmic radiation is always a source of errors for any kind of DRAM.

Whether it is the primary source of errors, depends on the design of the DRAM die.

In a badly designed DRAM there could be many other error causes.

The designers of a DRAM certainly attempt to minimize all the error causes that they can control. If they succeed, the cosmic radiation would remain the primary error source.

Without access to internal documents of the DRAM vendors, we cannot know if they have indeed minimized all other error causes.

In modern DRAM chips, a major error cause can also be the disturbance of some memory cells when some other cells are accessed in their neighborhood, which is the basis of the Rowhammer attacks, but which can also happen during the normal use of the memory, when certain access patterns happen by chance.

The DRAM vendors do not provide details about the behavior of their devices, with the hope that this makes harder the task for someone who wants to design a variant of the Rowhammer attacks, but this also makes impossible for the owner of the memory to predict whether an application program will not perform by chance an access pattern that will unintentionally flip some memory bits, which without ECC will not be detected and corrected.