"there's no such thing as a closed loop system"
That's not incorrect though; you're still needing to shed the heat energy SOMEWHERE. Thermodynamics alone dictates that basic fact. You may not waste the cooling solution but all that excessive GPU heat is going to need to go somewhere - and the only place it ultimately goes is right into the environment.
Ever stand a bit away from a campfire because you got too warm, only to have the wind hit it and blow hot air over you? Same thought exercise applies here.
Except that's not what the article is about.
What it's about is this:
This one data center in Ohio claimed to be a closed loop system, but then dumped their blowdown directly into the water table or something and now everyone's tap water is weird.
That is miles away from how your average "closed loop" system operates. There should be accountability for DC operators, but that's not what people take away from the article. What people take away from the article is, "All the data center companies lie, and are the worst sorts of damn dirty polluters and they will ruin your town".