The idea of passkeys is good (similar to key pairs you use with ssh if I understand correctly) but how and where they get stored is the problem. Especially if you use multiple computers / devices.

Something like a yubikey makes sense for this until you lose it and your fucked. From what I understand you cant clone a yubi key to keep a backup somewhere safe.

In the end the solution will be some sort of cloud based storage for these keys where the NSA can have easy access.