A job market specific survey: https://www.devjobsscanner.com/blog/top-8-most-demanded-prog... They combine C and C++ together and it slides in at number 6. But together they only account for 5% of the job market. Totaling all such non-managed languages together is roughly 10% and that figure hasn't changed in decades. I'd bet that figure matches up with what consultancy firms that take on a wide variety of projects see. Needless to say, "massive numerical dominance" in relation to C is something that needs many qualifications to become true. Certainly there's a lot of C code out there, and C jobs, and in some niche domains it's very dominant. But there's just such a vast amount more of JavaScript, Java, and Python across more domains.