alt Hacker NewsCooldowns have the benefit of being straightforward. It doesn't rely on updating rules, scanning, keeping up with obfuscation techniques, etc. It just stops installs for a period of time after publish.
I think that cooldowns are mostly dumb but they're very cheap to deploy and they do give other approaches (like scanners) more time to adapt/ do their job.
In my opinion, things like scanners should not need to exist if npm's parent company, GitHub, were to take responsibility for what was published to npm. If Walmart sells you an item that ends up being a handgrenade there would be hell to pay. In this example, Walmart cannot simply say that Walmart is not in charge of what goes into the item and therefore "buyer beware." Yet, this is precisely what GitHub does with every npm package.
One reasonable approach is to increase the scrutiny for new releases based on how many active downloads of the package there are. So for new packages, maybe there will be not a ton of scrutiny, but for things that are downloaded by millions of users, like Axios, there would be significantly more scrutiny per release.
The epidemic of "not my job" and "[we] don't get paid to do that" is a large contributor to why the world is so messed up. I don't know what to call this phenomenon. In the Hawaiian language there is a word Kuleana which means "sacred responsibility" or "sacred task." If more people took on their Kuleana joyfully we would be inviting the ideal [realm] more rapidly.