I don't see the issue with either of those things? At least as long as they're properly secured. (Which they probably aren't but that's neither here nor there.)
Dial up into an air gapped network defeats the purpose of being air gapped. I would think the bare minimum standard is that there is no way to change anything in the control systems without being physically present at the facility, past it's physical security boundary.
If.
It is an issue, dial up lacks tunnel encryption and if you managed to make it, it will be useless in real scenarios, and 3g is being phased out and obsolete
Well I think it speaks to the age of the equipment they are speaking of in the industrial sector.
How do you lockdown something that may have not been taken offline for decades because it will cost downtime or harm. Or something that can’t be locked down without tossing new tech around it that may not be compatible with the protocols etc.