While not everything can be easily converted (IMS, CICS, reports, batch processing etc.), there are many situations where automated tooling can be helpful in migrations.

Related to this, I created a tool for situations where you want to compare COBOL code with Java code. It includes a preprocessing step where IMS etc. calls are converted to mocks that return JSON (from file), and also use JSON for input/output, and GnuCOBOL to run the program. More a proof-of-concept than production, but here is a link if somebody finds it helpful.

https://github.com/mikko-ahonen/coboltwin