Taking the UK as an example, legislation restricting the use of children under 14 in employment was only adopted in 1933. Previously it looked more like this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labour_in_the_British_In...
The USA didn't change things up considerably until the 1930s: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labor_in_the_United_Stat...
Not soon after, obviously ww2 and then the baby boom after that. The role of children in families changed hugely in the 20th century.
The number of children per family has been plunging since 1800.
https://populationeducation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/a...