The principle is similar to foveated imaging [1].

Recently, Samsung introduced the ISOCELL platform which allows to select the area which will be recorded at higher resolution compared to other regions.

There can be all sorts of different applications build around such as extracting higher resolution of text regions, etc [2].

Of course, the lens needs to support this resolution but I think that will be default in the mid-term future.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foveated_imaging

[2]: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3799902.3811218