GEB is a great book, and I've probably read it at least 3.33333333... times over the years. As a late teen it blew my mind. But I'm not sure I'd recommend it as a route into Gödel's proofs [1]. The book covers a lot of other ground too, and is notoriously digressive and quirky (looking at you, dialogues).
Instead I'd recommend Gödel's Proof by Nagel and Newman for a conceptual intro.
[1] I'm not a mathematician, so my understanding is necessarily informal.
I can second this as a wonderful introduction to the proofs. This is the book that got me into logic and formal methods.
I’ll never understand how GEB was using math, art, and music to explain consciousness (and Hofstadter himself still thinks no one understood it), but Nagel and Newman did a great job explaining why logic as a mechanical thing has only a tenuous relationship to concepts we understand, and that helped me crack at least a little bit of the mystery I was after when giving up on GEB.
I really like GEB.
Most proof of the Gödel theorem use the primes encoding that is makes all the operations very unintuitive. But GEB uses just ascii and a lot of the side task get obvious. (It uses base 20 instead of 256, but it's the same idea.)
> is¨notoriously digressive and quirky
It is super mega ultra notoriously digressive and quirky.