It’s a tech tree question. Nuclear weapons have some very specific choke points that can be monopolized or policed, eg highly enriched uranium is largely a weapon input. There are also specific technologies you need to crack, which includes ignitions tests.

EUV is the pinnacle of a highly advanced supply chain, you could clone it but it requires many billions of dollars of R&D and massively specialized components; an economy like China likely can support the manufacturing tree required.

I would not be surprised if DNA printers seem end up closer to EUV or even more commoditized, if they are an extension of how all pharma/biotech manufacturing and research gets done.

But this is ultimately contingent on what the technology tree looks like. You couldn’t prevent diffusion of 3D printed ghost guns, even if you wanted to.