See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49355262 .

Yes glibc has some backwards compat but you cannot load a binary compiled with a newer version of glibc using an older ld-linux.so. That's because the interdependency. Nor you can load binaries that depend on different libc.so files with glibc systems

I cannot comment on macOS, I have never used it. However this is not a problem with Windows. You can ship a newer CRT or you can install it as a system component using Microsoft's MSI. The dependency is one way on Windows. CRT purely depends on Win32. Moreover the loader is completely independent and DLLs are loaded into their own unique scoped namespace unlike Linux that loads them in global symbol namespace. That's why you can mix and match DLLs compiled for different CRT versions.