A friend of mine does research on air pollution from cars - the TL;DR is you should not live within a third of a mile of a highway. The falloff is pretty sharp, but you don't want to be in that zone.
What about the vicinity of large or uphill streets inside a city? I am curious how the data compares with highways.
Notably, most major cities have been building tons of housing (especially ‘affordable housing’) right next to highways, as it is the only areas that aren’t already built out with tons of high value houses.
Surprise surprise.
What about biking near a highway? E.g. in Chicago the lakeshore bike trail is next to a busy 8 lane highway