The 2FA code you need to get from the phone app to log in on a desktop. It isn't 2005 any more.
Highly location dependent. This is more true in Europe than in America.
my bank (and others) doesn't require the 2f to be a smartphone
Right, 2FA. My bank wants me to log in to my phone app and then sends an SMS to the same phone to confirm the app transaction. It's super-secure.
Apparently I live in 2005 then? I do 2FA with the same chip+pin method that I use to pay in the store. Works in any browser