When did it become socially acceptable to throw things out rather than repair them ? When did it become economically rational ?
Helsinki (for one) needs some real repair cafés.
The moment manufacturers started making products that didn’t last long enough, with replacement parts expensive enough, and raising hourly rates for labour which made it cheaper to buy a new product rather than repair the old one. Also the new product tended to be more efficient with electricity and water or marketed as such.
As someone quipped to me, there's a reason the environmental movement used an priority ordered list.