My understanding is that the encrypted military-level GPS is much more robust against jamming and spoofing. There's probably a lot of capabilities we don't know that's classified, too.
I think the new US GPS satellites have ability to do a spot beam of increased strength in a region of interest.
That is my understanding as well. But having another band allows for error correction as a side benefit.
Called M-Code.
Has a fascinating history.
https://odimpact.org/case-united-states-opening-gps-data-for...