> one academic lab getting scooped by another lab (usually by coincidence).

I was with you up to “usually by coincidence”.

There’s a long and sordid history in areas of chemistry and areas of biology of holding up a competing paper in review so you can scoop them. I’m sure it exists in physics as well. Certainly biophysics, but probably most subfields.

Often it’s a famous labs that can steamroll review or even just dump the work into PNAS as a “member contribution.”

At least one author of a famous inorganic chemistry textbook was rumored to do this routinely.

And I know of at least one National Academy member who swore off arxiv prepublication after getting scooped.

None of this makes it all right. But plagiarism and academic theft is old and definitely not always accidental.