There's stuff like the "Command Pattern"/dispatching/subclasses etc that can make this nice, although it's not always a good fit.

Like imagine you have a few different classes of things A,B,C so instead of checking if the thing you're handling is an A,B,C you have like a shared interface across all and can call Thing.do_it or whatever.

Still branching conditionally but it's passing it off to language features instead of code you have to write.