> If it doesn't matter why do you feel the need to acknowledge it?

Just to make sure nobody is ever confused. Why do you feel the need to defend China?

> How do these restrictions prevent Japan from using Chinese PV and batteries in their grid?

It limits Japan from developing their own home grown market or utilizing technology for what China considers dual use?

> Translation: they gave the world a ton of deeply discounted goods. And you said they didn't do anything nice for anyone!

Other translation: Those cheap goods weren’t worth the cost to the environment or to empower an autocratic regime.

> Other countries are free to subsidize their own solar and battery industries.

When that happens there can be retaliatory measures against countries who are in for example the WTO or have other trade agreements. You don’t just subsidize products in a vacuum.

> Godspeed to the ones doing it right now. But also is it really that amazing an industry to have? Low-margins, constant price wars, undifferentiated commodity product without much of a moat. Rich economies tend not to have those industries anyway.

You’re focusing on solar panels but that’s not all we’ve been discussing.

> Surely then the US must be approving solar projects at record pace then? And wind too?

That doesn’t follow from what you quoted.

> There are no EU tariffs on Chinese solar panels or grid-scale batteries or heat pumps. They are considering tariffing heat pumps right now.

They are tariffing other products/industries and working on additional ones.