Not really. The upside of competitive newer models is all in the proprietary data they are trained on. This is why data labeling, RL environments et al have been such a big industry, OpenAI and Antrhopic are paying literally billions to get the data they need. Do people think the ability to do research level math or advanced cybersec comes from just training on more public data?

A real sovereign effort could invest heavily in this, whatever people accuse China of “stealing” I’m sure they are also generating tons of their own data and are probably the primary sovereign doing so outside the US labs.