There never was formal verification of the entire rust compiler, or even its complete borrow checker/type system. There has been verifications on _subsets_ of them.

Also, a lot of those soundness issues aren't related to new features _at all_, but usually due to poor assumptions made in optimizations.

The soundness bugs _are_ taken seriously though, and are slowly being patched out. A lot of the links in OP are now closed because Rust either changed how it generates code to avoid the issues, or fixed LLVM.