> we can easily see how the loss of several workers to loss-of-stinger attacks is beneficial to the entire organism
We can't easily see it, especially if on the other hand you have a design that requires no losses. And it's not always "several", especially with bigger predators
If you think that's bad, consider how they mate. A honeybee drone mates with a queen in flight, and when he disengages with the queen his endophallus will be ripped off, killing the drone.