I read the article and I’m far more interested in talking about actual legal insider trading in the equities market
You may not be able to trade your company’s stock, or a competitor’s if you have knowledge that was under an employer agreement, but you can trade your sector and correlated assets
You can have an edge, it’s not a legal issue.
I assume you mean things like trade secrets that you cannot disclose? That is legal because it is not information that is confidential the same way as say financial results are. It is confidential, but for different reasons. It also tends to be much more long term information so people cannot make a quick profit from it. Its also impractical to regulate.