Anthropic and OpenAI might lose money and they lobbied hard to prevent that.
Might? At least one of them has done nothing but lose money since it's inception.
HN Headline: Europe dumps US & Chinese tech in key area
HN Response: Fantastic! EU is amazing! Sovereignty over all else!
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HN Headline: US dumps Chinese tech in key area
HN Response: Booo evil USA! Evil Big Tech! Regulatory capture!!
Open weight is not the same thing as open source. "Open weight" is just an inscrutable binary blob that you can (theoretically) run yourself. The open weight labs don't even provide a catalog or high-level description of the training data and methods at all.
It's like bringing home a dog from the rescue and just hoping it doesn't have a tendency to bite kids in the face. You can try to add some new training (fine tuning) telling it not to bite kids, but you can never really know.
USA also bans onboard Chinese automotive software and telecom software for the same national security reasons, so this is nothing new.