This points back to a more general problem. I love to haul out the quote "All models are wrong, but some models are useful", and it's actually attributed to a statistician talking about statistical models. The quote was written well before AI, from a mathematician working in a time even before computer science dug into data science/eng.

As presented the Decoherence Trap is AI related, but as someone with a background in physical simulation and modeling, and applying math models & system controls algorithms, software in general has always had a connection-to-reality issue. It's always been able to go faster in building models faster than reality can be checked. People are always eager for the results and to take action on them, when the long run limiting factor is often, can I observe enough real data signal to make a good decision by any set of optimizing model rules. It's often harder and slower to collect real-world data, ideas, and samples than it is to rapidly process it. With AI, I think we can even more quickly build models (not in an llm sense, but in a operational sense) that give beautiful, precise results which may or may not be useful in a connected-to-reality way.

If the model operates on bad data, then the risk is always the temptation of having a precise-looking technical answer to apply. The practices need to be updated, but I think the mindset of systems engineering validation & verification, and software QA are going to be very needed going forward.

There is actually a related issue, in that I don't think we want an overly coherent of set of models running through our economy - it's a strong risk of central planning failings vs competitive/experimental markets, but that's a tangential discussion.