What is the calculus behind 40k? I just checked some Swedish vendors and here they calculate 12k for hardware and installation of a fairly large heat pump.
https://www.polarpumpen.se/kunskapsbanken/varmepump-kunskaps...
Yeah small air-air pumps - which are the most common for single houses - are easily under 2000EUR including installation; if you keep eyes out for special offers it'd be about 1500EUR in Swedish prices.
State subsidies and insane overregulation. Think about replacing the cabinet for electricity meters (+4000€) for heat pump installation.
Octopus and a German University did a report on costs.
UK heat pumps are half the cost of German installs 14k Vs 28k euros.
Theres multiple reasons given:
https://www.pv-magazine.com/2025/03/13/heat-pumps-in-germany...
Also, I believe Octopus have nearly halved the UK price since that report by optimising installs.