One, it doesnt damage your reputation as much as one would think.

But two, and more importantly, no one is checking.

Tree falls in the forest, no one hears, yadi-yada.

The vast majority of papers is so insignifcant, nobody bothers to try and use and thereby replicate it.

But the thing is… nobody is doing the replication to falsify it. And if the did, it wouldn’t be published because it’s a null result

Not in most fields, unless misconduct is evident. (And what constitutes "misconduct" is cultural: if you have enough influence in a community, you can exert that influence on exactly where that definitional border lies.) Being wrong is not, and should not be, a career-ending move.

Not really, since nobody (for values of) ends up actually falsifying it, and if they do, it's years down the line.