The process you describe, of porting the code and polishing the visuals, is for a "remaster". Ubisoft's now-cancelled Sands of Time project was described as a "remake" [1], which generally is a bigger project that keeps the same characters and story beats as the original, but revises the art and gameplay almost as if it were a sequel.
I agree that remakes sound straightforward and it's baffling that Ubisoft couldn't get this one out the door: there are rumors that even before its announcement in 2020, the Sands of Time remake had been started, scrapped, and restarted. But even Nightdive Studios, a perennial remaster maker, struggled for many years with their System Shock remake [2] so it must be harder than it sounds.
I'd love to hear the inside story from folks who've worked on remakes (both released and cancelled) about why they aren't as straightforward as fans expect. Nightdive recently discussed the emotional toll from dealing with angry fans [3] but I haven't seen any interviews discussing the development challenges.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_remake#Remaster [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Shock_(2023_video_game) [3] https://frvr.com/blog/system-shock-remake-lead-couldnt-sleep...
Regardless of “what kind of ‘remake’” they were going for, they had about twice the development cycle of the original game to make it. None of the successful AAA “remakes” of the past few years (most of which are Japanese) had development cycles this long.