Black ink on white paper, stored in a cool dark place, will last many decades. If may fade but will remain readable. Want centuries? Use skin parchment. Millenia? An engraving pen on glass. Going for longer? Take a grinder to a block of granite, but the real problem there is the lack of geologically-stable storage on this planet.
Granite is heavy and brittle. Instead, take a plate made of platinum or iridium, and engrave information on it. It offers excellent mechanical, chemical, and thermal durability. It can sink in volcanic lava and then hammered back out from the resulting rock, intact. (Expensive though.)
A couple of millennia might suffice. ;) Thanks for the input.
The engraving pen on glass is a good one. Any experience with it?
An engraving pen on glass? Why not get some sheet glass and a stick of color. Write it directly onto the glass _in glass_