That's still one device. If you turn the primary phone off, the secondary device stops working. WhatsApp just proxies everything through the primary device, it's like WhatsApp Web.
They used to, but that hasn't been true for a few years now.
Now it uses the Signal protocol's native multi-device capabilities, specifically in the "key per device" variant (unlike signal itself, which uses "key per account" if I'm not mistaken).
This is not true, even if the primary phone is offline you can send messages via secondary device, even whatsapp web
It’s not proxied via primary, otherwise it wouldn’t work if primary were offline
oh, i see, is it the same for facebook messenger and instagram, imessage, etc?
It used to be like that but not anymore. As siblings suggested you can now use it on up to 4 (I believe) additional devices.